The fronts that result from strong sea breezes during warm months can prompt daily thunderstorms along the coast, for example, in Florida's peninsula. In that area, sea breezes are blowing from both the east and the west, and their convergence can cause severe weather as the air rises and forms clouds and precipitation. These breezes are actually beneficial to Florida and the rest of the east coast of the U. At night, the air over the water is warmer than the air over the land, since land loses heat quickly while water takes much longer to cool down.
As a result, the pressures over the land and water are the reverse of what they are during the day; the pressure over the land is high, while the pressure over the water is low.
The small difference in temperature between the land and the water creates a breeze that blows from the land toward the sea. Surfaces with a low heat capacity will heat and cool quickly but those with a high heat capacity take much longer to do so.
Water has a higher heat capacity, which means it takes a lot of heat to increase its temperature. Beach sand, on the other hand, has a lower heat capacity and warms pretty quickly in the sun, which you might have noticed when walking on the sand barefoot. But what do water and sand temperatures have to do with wind? The air above the beach warms because of the hot sand. As the air heats up it becomes less dense and rises.
Warm air rises, causing low air pressure whereas cold, dense air results in high air pressure. Above the ocean the air cools down due to the colder temperatures of the ocean water. This leads to the air becoming denser and a local high air pressure zone.
The difference in air pressures above the beach and ocean is what causes the air movement we perceive as wind. In an attempt to balance the pressures in both areas the air from the high-pressure zone the ocean will rush to the low-pressure zone the beach and replace the rising air. The outcome of this airflow is the cool breeze that blows from the ocean toward the beach. The strength of the sea breeze depends on the difference in temperature between the land and ocean.
Higher temperature gradients lead to stronger winds. During the night this sea breeze turns into a land breeze, because after sunset the sand will cool down much faster than the water due to its lower heat capacity. Once the sand becomes colder than the ocean the airflow pattern reverses.
Want to see for yourself? Create your own sea breeze in this activity—no real ocean or beach required! Cleanup Make sure to fully extinguish the incense stick. Dispose of the sand outside if you have permission or in the trash. Clean your baking dishes with warm water and soap. Observations and results Can you see how you created a little beach model? The dish with sand represented the beach and the one with water represented the ocean.
We can thank "lake breezes" for these cooler temperatures. Lake breezes develop when the land becomes warmer than the water. The warm air over land rises, and gets replaced by the relatively cool air which resides immediately above the lake surface. You can tell when a lake breeze forms when the wind abruptly becomes "onshore" blowing from the water toward the shore.
Lake breezes generally form several hours after sunrise, and have speeds of around 10 mph. Lake breezes generally dissipate in the early evening as the sun begins to set. The spring and summer are the most common times of year for lake breezes.
Lake breezes can impact the weather in many ways. In addition to shifting the wind and cooling the temperature, under certain conditions lake breezes can help to initiate thunderstorms.
Lake breezes are also responsible to keeping lake shores less cloudy, due to the fact that the cooler air found in a lake breeze tends to rise into cloud cover less readily. You may already know people on Myspace. If we find matches from your Facebook friends, we'll connect you to them right away.
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